Prenuptial agreements, often known as pre-nups, allow couples to agree how their finances should be dealt with if their marriage ends in divorce. Although these agreements have become increasingly prominent in discussions about family law, their legal status in England and Wales remains different from that in countries where qualifying agreements are automatically enforceable.
The Law Commission has recommended reforms that would give qualifying prenuptial and postnuptial agreements greater legal certainty. More recently, the Government has consulted on introducing a framework for these agreements as part of wider proposals to reform the law governing financial settlements on divorce.
However, it is important to distinguish between proposed reforms and the law currently in force.
The current legal status of prenuptial agreements
Prenuptial agreements are not automatically legally binding on courts in England and Wales. Nevertheless, courts may give them substantial weight when deciding financial settlements following divorce.
An important development came in 2010, when the Supreme Court decided the case of Radmacher v Granatino. The case involved German heiress Katrin Radmacher and her former husband, Nicolas Granatino, a French former investment banker.
Before their marriage, the couple signed a prenuptial agreement intended to prevent either party from making financial claims against the other in the event of divorce. Following their separation, the agreement became a central issue in the financial proceedings.
The Supreme Court established that courts should generally give effect to a nuptial agreement entered into freely by both parties, with a full appreciation of its implications, unless it would be unfair to hold them to it.
The judgment significantly strengthened the position of prenuptial agreements in England and Wales. However, it did not make every prenup automatically binding. Courts retain the power to consider the circumstances of each case, including fairness and the financial needs of the parties and any relevant children.
The Law Commission’s recommendations
In February 2014, the Law Commission published its report, Matrimonial Property, Needs and Agreements. The report recommended introducing a new category of agreement known as a qualifying nuptial agreement.
The proposals were intended to give couples greater certainty and control over the financial consequences of divorce or the dissolution of a civil partnership.
Under the proposed system, qualifying agreements would be enforceable contracts and would not be subject to the court’s usual discretionary assessment of whether the agreed division of assets was fair. However, couples would not be able to use such agreements to avoid meeting each other’s financial needs or those of their children.
The proposed safeguards included requirements relating to financial disclosure, independent legal advice and the circumstances in which the agreement was made.
The recommendations were accompanied by a draft Bill, but the proposed statutory framework was not implemented as a general legal regime.
Government proposals for reform
In 2026, the Government consulted on wider reforms to the law governing financial settlements on divorce and the dissolution of civil partnerships. The consultation included proposals to introduce qualifying nuptial agreements.
The proposed reforms aim to give couples greater certainty when making financial arrangements before or during marriage, while retaining safeguards to protect parties who may be vulnerable or financially disadvantaged.
The proposals also address the relationship between agreements and financial needs. Under the approach being considered, couples would not be able to use a qualifying nuptial agreement to remove the court’s ability to ensure that appropriate provision is made for financial needs.
The Government’s consultation also considers broader reforms to financial remedies on divorce, alongside changes affecting unmarried couples who separate or whose partner dies.
These proposals represent a further stage in the consideration of reform. They should not be confused with legislation already in force.
What does this mean for couples today?
Until a new statutory framework is enacted and brought into force, couples in England and Wales must continue to rely on the existing law and the principles established by the courts.
Anyone considering a prenuptial agreement should take several practical steps:
- Obtain independent legal advice. Each party should ideally have their own solicitor to explain the agreement and its potential consequences.
- Disclose financial information fully. Both parties should understand each other’s assets, income, liabilities and financial circumstances.
- Allow sufficient time. The agreement should be negotiated well before the wedding, without pressure or last-minute demands.
- Consider future needs. The agreement should take account of possible changes in circumstances, including children, illness, career changes and financial responsibilities.
- Review the agreement when appropriate. Significant changes in circumstances may justify reviewing or replacing the agreement after marriage through a postnuptial agreement.
A carefully prepared agreement may help reduce uncertainty and disputes if a marriage ends. However, no agreement can guarantee that a court will uphold every provision in every future circumstance.
Looking ahead
The Law Commission’s recommendations and the Government’s subsequent consultation reflect a continuing debate about how much control couples should have over their financial arrangements if their marriage ends.
The proposed introduction of qualifying nuptial agreements could provide greater legal certainty, subject to appropriate safeguards. For now, however, couples should understand that prenuptial agreements in England and Wales are not automatically binding and should obtain advice tailored to their circumstances before entering into one.
Other information
Published on: October 14, 2026