Is a prenuptial agreement right for you?

Talk of the wedding of next year might have been blighted by the question – will William and Kate consider getting a prenuptial agreement?

Since the announcement of the Royal wedding, there has been much speculation about the different backgrounds of the young couple.

Speaking to the Mail newspaper on the Royal marriage announcement, the divorce expert Isabel Thornton told the paper: “In a more typical scenario, where two 28-year-olds are soon to be married and a substantial disparity of wealth exists, one set of parents would undoubtedly be marching their offspring to see the lawyers as soon as possible.”

In October, the Supreme Court ruled in favour of Katrin Radmacher, whose ex-husband Nicholas Granatino sued after he found out she was the heiress to a multimillion pound fortune.

The former couple had signed a prenuptial agreement in 1998 in Germany, in advance of their wedding.

The pre-nuptial agreement stipulated that neither party would seek financial gain if they chose to separate.

Nicholas Granatino, an investment banker turned Oxford academic, decided to instigate legal action following his discovery that Ms Radmancher is reportedly worth £106 million.

He claimed that he had not fully understood the implications of the prenup when he had signed it because it had been written in German.

In addition, Mr Granatino claimed that he had not received any legal advice on the prenup.

However, the Court chose to award Mr Radmacher only £70,000 annually, ruling that he was not entitled to a £9.2 million payout from his ex-wife.

The decision will have resounding implications for future cases, overturning the recent trend for high-profile divorce payments worth millions.

While prenuptial agreements have long been enforced across the US, English courts have largely chosen to ignore them.

It is expected that the decision to rule in favour of Ms Radmancher could mean that fewer couples decide to leave the outcome of a possible divorce to chance.

One of the best ways to approach the issue could be to purchase a prenuptial agreement with Lawpack.

Guaranteeing your pre-nuptial agreement with your partner will be upheld has become easier, but the devil remains in the detail.

Lawpack’s Prenuptial Agreement can tell you what to include and exclude in the prenup – couples attempting to allocate ‘taking out the bin’ days and other domestic duties can “run a very real risk” of making their prenup unenforceable.

A pre-nuptial agreement should primarily focus on what will happen to both your assets and your finances.

It can help people find out what they can do with the contents of their shared home, specific gifts, the overall cost of the prenup and what happens to property they have purchased separately.

While it may seem to interfere with the sacred and romantic notion of marriage, it can actually save much heartbreak and acrimony – whatever your income.

Investing in a Prenuptial Agreement from Lawpack could be an economical, sensible option that could save money in the long run.

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Published on: November 30, 2010

Pre-nups ‘on the up’

Prenuptial agreements have been in the news a lot recently, not least amid the tabloid feeding frenzy that has taken place over the Katie Price and Peter Andre divorce.

It was revealed that he had signed a prenuptial agreement so that he would not get any of her financial assets. Any court case that disputes this could focus a lot of attention on the issue.

What seems clear is that the number of pre-nups is very much on the rise. A survey published by Grant Thornton this week showed the prevalence of such arrangements, with 56 per cent of family lawyers stating that they drew up more agreements of this type than any other.

In comparison, 36 per cent of solicitors majored in cohabitation agreements and just two per cent said the bulk of their work involves civil partnerships.

Forensic partner at Grant Thornton Robert Kerr said the recent increase in prenuptials has partly been a consequence of the credit crunch, as partners seek to protect their assets.

He stated: “As more and more couples are bringing more individual wealth into a relationship they are seeking to protect their assets, ensuring that upon separation each leaves the partnership with the assets that they entered with.

“I can only imagine that this trend will continue to rise, particularly in an economic downturn when people will feel increasingly vulnerable about their financial position.”

Of course, pre-nups are not legally binding in the UK, but this can be less of an issue than cohabitation, an area where Mr Kerr said an increasing number of lawyers are asking for more clarification.

He added: “The major issues for cohabiting couples are custody of children, rights and share of property upon separation and the question of inheritance upon the death of one partner.

“In the eyes of the courts ‘common law marriage’ does not hold the same legal rights for cohabiting couples as it does for married couples, however many cohabiting couples often do not realise this until it is too late.”

For those who cohabit rather than marry, putting together a DIY prenuptial agreement to cover any future split may be a particularly useful thing to do, partly because it will ensure that more protection than automatically exists in law is in place, as well as saving the cost of hiring lawyers.

Those who do likewise for pre-nuptials may find this will enable them to carry out a DIY divorce more easily if the marriage breaks up as well, since a prior agreement would already be in place to guide much of the process, leaving fewer details to be worked out.

Of course, such prenuptial agreements can be particularly useful if things go sour, with one extreme case reported this week being that of an art dealer who tried to get a large slice of his ex-wife’s fortune, despite the fact that he is currently in prison for abusing her grandchildren.

The judge ruled out his claim partly on the grounds that it would be “inequitable” for her to make any provision for him in such circumstances, but also because he had signed a prenuptial agreement.

Most marriages that end do not do so in circumstances as bad as something that can see one partner behind bars for serious crimes.

While many are nonetheless acrimonious, the existence of a prenuptial agreement may not just suit those who part amicably, but could also give them a good reason to do so, since arguing the terms of an agreement could seem like a waste of time and effort. It could pave the way for a DIY divorce without the extra cost of getting lawyers involved.

Written by Rachel Crook

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Published on: June 10, 2009

Prenuptial agreements: All you need to know…

Prenuptial agreements are recognised in many countries, but in the UK they have a history of being seen as unromantic by couples about to embark on a life together.

Yet prenuptial agreements are increasingly being taken into consideration by the English courts when they are looking at financial settlements on divorce.

Find out more on when to use a prenuptial agreement, what a prenuptial agreement does and how to make it legally binding.

What is a prenuptial agreement?

A prenuptial agreement sets out the terms upon which you and your partner will separate or divorce. As you make a prenuptial agreement before you marry, the terms are agreed when there is no bitterness between you. So the costs of negotiating a prenuptial agreement are usually far less than the costs of negotiating a divorce settlement, because all the negotiation has already been made.

Want to make a prenuptial agreement? Use our prenuptial agreement download today and save £££s!

What can we include in a prenuptial agreement?

A prenuptial agreement should only deal with financial matters, and not with any personal issues regarding your relationship. If you include personal matters, the court may consider that some of the non-financial clauses render the whole of the agreement void.

What about children?

You should not include arrangements relating to the care of, and contact, with children in the prenuptial agreement. The courts will not bind a child into an agreement entered into by its parents.

A prenuptial agreement, which aims to set in stone arrangements for a child is unlikely to find favour with a judge, especially if it was agreed years before the separation or divorce.

Any agreement you may wish to enter which regulates the arrangements for your children, or other non-financial matters should be put into a separate document and not in the prenuptial agreement itself. This is to protect you from a situation where a judge finds the whole of your agreement unenforceable.

There is no special form for such a document; any simple written agreement setting out your arrangements will be sufficient for the court as evidence of your intentions, should you divorce or separate.

Want to make a prenuptial agreement? Use our prenuptial agreement download today and save £££s!

Is a prenuptial agreement legally binding?

As yet, not in every case, but they do hold great sway with the courts. A recent ruling by the Supreme Court over the German paper industry heiress Katrin Radmacher and her husband has given greater legal status to prenuptial agreements in divorce cases.

Since this judgment, it’s likely that a prenup will be binding providing that both parties have enough information about the other’s finances, and that they both fully understand what they are entering into and what the implications are. There will have to be some fundamental aspect of unfairness about the agreement for a court to decide that it should not be upheld.

Also, the Law Commission is drawing up a draft Bill by 2012 looking into making prenuptial agreements legally binding so it’s likely that prenuptial agreements will have official legal status in the next couple  of years.

Find out more about prenuptial agreements becoming legally binding here.

Do we need to take legal advice when making a prenuptial agreement?

Both of you should take independent legal advice before entering into a prenuptial agreement, as it will be easier to persuade a judge to take the prenuptial agreement into account in any divorce proceedings. This means that you should each get advice from separate lawyers.

When should we make the prenuptial agreement?

The marriage ceremony should take place at least 21 days after you both sign the prenuptial agreement. If you enter into the prenuptial agreement less than 21 days before the marriage, it is less likely to be persuasive on a judge, should you get divorced. A short time period between the making of the agreement and the ceremony can be construed as evidence of duress. This can invalidate the agreement.

Ideally, give your partner several months to consider and discuss the agreement with you. If you don’t get married within six to 12 months of signing the prenuptial agreement, you should draw up and sign another one

Want to make a prenuptial agreement? Use our prenuptial agreement download today and save £££s!

Does the prenuptial agreement need updating?

It’s recommended that you revise any prenuptial agreement at certain key points in your relationship to ensure that it’s up to date. You should revise it:

  • At regular intervals, for example, every five years.
  • If children are born.
  • If one of you becomes disabled or unable to work.
  • If one of you becomes redundant or unable to find work.
  • If one of you retires.
  • If one of you inherits any valuable assets.

This means that when one of the above events occurs, you and your partner should renegotiate the relevant terms of the agreement and enter into a new one (i.e. a postnuptial agreement). It doesn’t need to be a complete re-draft , but it should refer to your original prenuptial agreement.

Do you want to protect your assets? Find out if a making a prenuptial agreement is right for you…

Want to make a prenuptial agreement? Use our prenuptial agreement download today and save £££s!

With Lawpack’s prenuptial agreement you can complete the legal form yourself before taking legal advice and save £££s in solicitor’s fees.

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Published on: October 26, 2010

Do I really need a prenup?

Are you getting married and have assets you want to protect? Or have you been married before and are worried about going down the aisle again? Then have you thought about making a prenup?

More and more couples are making prenups before entering into marriage. Recently there has been a dramatic rise in the demand for prenups and, particularly, for second marriages. Recent research, carried out for the law firm Mishcon de Reya, found that 17% of men under 45 now have a prenuptial agreement.

Why are prenups becoming so popular?

High-profile divorces, such as McCartney and Mills, have brought prenups to the fore as now ordinary people are concerned about losing a large part of their assets in a settlement.

Partly this is because divorcees are more wary of getting married for a second time, plus they’re better off so they feel that they have more to lose. Adult children also suggest a prenup to protect their inheritance from their new step-parent.

Often couples use prenups if there is a disparity in wealth, say, if one partner earns a lot more than the other, or one partner has a house and the other doesn’t, or one partner has received an inheritance that they want to protect.

Want to make a prenup? Use our prenup download today and save £££s!

Will a prenup protect your assets if your marriage gets into trouble?

Many people view making prenups as a waste of time and an unromantic thing to do, but although they are not officially legally binding, at present, they are a persuading factor if a case goes to court.

If both parties have taken legal advice, the prenup has been signed at least a month before the wedding, the finances have been disclosed and the contract is deemed fair by the judge, the prenup is likely to be seen as legally binding.

In America and most of Europe, prenups are legally binding, but in the UK we’re playing catch up. However, a recent ruling by the Supreme Court over the German paper industry heiress Katrin Radmacher and her husband has given greater legal status to prenuptial agreements in divorce cases.

Plus the Law Commission, the government’s law reform watchdog, is looking at the circumstances in which courts should uphold prenups between those planning to marry or become civil partners.

The Law Commission aims to draw up a draft Bill by 2012, so prenups should be legally binding within the next couple of years.

Find out more about prenups becoming legally binding here.

Mike Hamlin, partner at law firm Slater Heelis Collier Littler, based in Sale, Greater Manchester, says that although prenups can be criticised for going against the traditional values of marriage, he believes that they simply address issues and protect the interests of both parties:

“Should the marriage end, there would be no need for bitter legal disputes over the dividing of assets” he said.

Assets that are acquired before the marriage and which have been disclosed have an increased chance of being protected if the marriage ends in divorce.

Want to make a prenup? Use our prenup download today and save £££s!

What terms should you include in a prenup?

If you’re making a prenup, it’s advisable that you don’t hold assets in joint names. If you’re going to purchase property in joint names, it’s wise that you register the property as ‘tenants in common’ and that you specify each party’s entitlement.

Find out more about how you should be buying property together here.

Remember that if you are planning to have children, it’s important that this is mentioned in the prenup because a child can change the parameters upon which the prenup was entered into. In fact, it’s always wise to revise your prenup, should you have any children since the making of the prenup.

Read more on when you should revise your prenup here.

Want to make a prenup? Use our prenup download today and save £££s!

With Lawpack’s prenup you can complete the legal form yourself before taking legal advice and save £££s in solicitor’s fees.

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Published on: October 25, 2010

What is a deed poll?

A Deed Poll is a legal form. Nothing more, nothing less. It is a legal form that binds you to a defined course of action. And that is to change your name.

That is all a Deed Poll is. A legal form to officially change your name.

Technically speaking ‘Deed Polls’ can be used for other purposes. But in popular usage a Deed Poll simply means a legal form that is used to officially change your name.

If you want to get really ‘legal’ you can say that a Deed Poll used to change your name should be called a ‘Deed of Change of Name’. But we’ll just call it a Deed Poll (it makes things simple).

  • Use our Deed Poll Kit to officially change your name right now!

 

What is on a Deed Poll?

A Deed Poll must contain just three statements. And you must ‘commit’ to these.

  1. To stop using your former name
  2. To use only your new name and to use your new name at all times
  3. To request that all persons use your new name only

You need to sign the Deed Poll. You need to date the Deed Poll. And you need to have your signature on the Deed Poll witnessed.

And that’s it! You have changed your name officially by Deed Poll.

  • Use our Deed Poll Kit to officially change your name right now!

 

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Published on: October 4, 2010

Cohabitation and your lack of legal rights

In today’s modern society marriage isn’t for everyone, and some couples prefer not to tie the knot. But marriage and civil partnership provides certain legal rights that cohabitation does not, even though figures show there are more than four million unmarried people living with a partner in England and Wales.

Calls for equality

Lord Justice Sir Nicholas Wall recently called for greater rights for cohabiting couples, claiming that under current laws unmarried men and women are at risk of losing their homes and their incomes in the event of a break-up.

As the president of the Family Division of the High Court, his demands have commanded attention, and the issue of equality for cohabiting couples has been thrust firmly back into the spotlight.

Specifically, he advocated the creation of a cohabitation law, which would give unmarried couples who live together the same legal rights as those who are married when it comes to division of property and other assets.

“I am in favour of cohabitees having rights because of the injustice of the present situation,” he told The Times newspaper.

“Women cohabitees in particular are severely disadvantaged by being unable to claim maintenance and having their property rights determined by the conventional laws of trusts,” Sir Nicholas remarked.

He claimed that courts are already being more sympathetic towards people who have lived with their partners for many years before their relationships come to an end.

And equally, he explained: “If cohabitation has been short and the contribution minimal, judges would not be sympathetic to a claim.”

Understanding your rights

Despite these changes in attitude, it could be some time before a cohabitation law is introduced. It is therefore important that those who choose not to marry, for whatever reason, understand what they are and are not entitled to.

Many cohabitees wrongly believe that they have the legal protection of common law marriage and that the longer they live with their partner, the more rights they have.

In fact, common law marriage is a myth and hasn’t existed in England and Wales since 1753. Legal rights for unmarried couples are minimal, regardless of whether couples have cohabited for one year or several decades.

So what rights don’t you have as an unmarried cohabitee that a husband or wife would have in the event of a break-up?

Maintenance

At the moment, if you have any children with your ex-partner, he or she must pay maintenance in the same way they would if you were married.

However, you are not entitled to any maintenance for your own benefit, even if you have given up work to take care of your offspring.

Property

If you rent your home with your partner and he or she asks you to leave following a split, you will have no rights to stay in the property if the lease is in their name.

Similarly, if your partner owns your home and there is no legal documentation in place to prove that you own any share in it, you will have no rights to remain in the house or reap any rewards from its sale.

Other assets

Partners who live together often have joint savings, investments and personal possessions. If you are married and you divorce, these assets are usually split equally. If you are simply cohabiting, things are much more complicated.

In essence, you have no legal rights to any assets that are not in your name and your ex is likely to walk away with all savings and possessions built up out of their own money.

Death

Although couples don’t like to think about it, the death of a partner is something that should always be taken into consideration when planning for the future.

Indeed, it may not always be a break-up that brings a partnership to an end. If one half of an unmarried couple dies, the surviving partner will again have few legal rights to property and assets.

Unless your partner has made a will, you will not automatically inherit anything from them in the event of their passing, regardless of how long you’ve been together.

You will also receive no state bereavement benefit of a state pension based on a percentage of their National Insurance contributions as a husband or wife would.

Furthermore, anything you do inherit through your partner will is subject to inheritance tax if it totals more than the current £325,000 threshold, as spousal exemption will not apply.

What can you do to protect yourself?

If you and your partner decide not to get married, there are still several ways you can protect yourselves legally.

For example, if you are renting a home together, it makes sense to put both names on the tenancy agreement.

If you are buying a home with your partner, or moving into one he or she already owns, you need to consider whether signing as joint tenants or tenants in common is the best option, as there are different legal rights associated with each.

If you are joint tenants then you jointly own the entire property, whereas if you are tenants in common you each have a distinct share in the property and can decide in advance how you’d like this share to be split.

Drawing up a cohabitation agreement will also enable you and your partner to decide what will happen to your property and any other jointly-owned assets should you separate or suffer a bereavement.

A cohabitation agreement can also contain arrangements for child maintenance and custody if you have children together, as well as details of your responsibilities with regards to debts and everyday outgoings.

While cohabitation agreements are not legally binding, they can often be enforceable in court if a couple sought legal advice before signing it.

A court will take into account whether both parties understood the nature of the agreement, whether they were both fully aware of its contest and whether they intended that it should be legally enforceable.

You should also write a will to make sure yours or your partner’s assets will be distributed in the way you choose, rather than leaving the state to decide.

According to the latest research from Unbiased.co.uk, some 62 per cent of people in the UK have not yet written a will, and this includes married couples.

For cohabitees, will writing is arguably more important, because the laws of intestacy, or dying without a will, do not take cohabitation into account.

Instead of passing to you, as would happen if you were married, your deceased partner’s estate would automatically be passed to their relatives, unless they specify otherwise in their will.

Is the law likely to change?

If Lord Justice Sir Nicholas Wall’s calls are heard by lawmakers, it could be some time before legislation providing equal rights for cohabitees is passed.

New laws take time to pass through parliament and implementation can be a slow process. In addition, there will always be those who oppose such a law on the basis that marriage should not be given equal status as living together.

However, cohabitation remains a hot topic and, in the same way as same-sex couples in civil partnerships fought to gain equal rights with married heterosexual couples, cohabitees are also demanding legal protection.

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Cohabitation: how to buy property together

When you first decide to start living together and want to buy a property, romance is top on the agenda. The last thing on your mind is the legal aspects of living together. You can’t imagine not being together and, anyway, won’t you have automatic rights to the property?

But this isn’t always the case. You may think that couples living together have the same rights as married couples and that the law will protect you financially as you’re a ‘common law spouse’, but you have no financial rights if you separate or one of you dies.

So, when you decide to buy a property with your partner (in England and Wales), make sure that your conveyancing solicitor discusses with you, at the outset, whether you should own the property as ‘joint tenants’ or ‘tenants in common’. For cohabitees, the distinction is extremely important.

Joint tenants

If you own the property as joint tenants, this means that you will each have an equal interest in the property and if one of you dies before the other, the share of the person who has died will pass automatically to the other.

With a joint tenancy, even if you, or your partner, have made a will, the surviving partner will still receive their share of the property, whatever the will says. If neither of you have made a will and one of you dies ‘intestate’, which means that the assets will be distributed according to the ‘law of intestacy’, the surviving partner will still inherit the property.

You can find out more about the law of intestacy and making a will here.

But, apart from the property, you, as a cohabitee, will have no automatic rights to any of your partner’s other assets should they die. This is why it’s vital that you make a will.

Find out about the risk you take if you’re part of an unmarried couple and haven’t made a will or you can stop worrying and make a will today here.

Tenants in common

If you’re living together and owning the property as tenants in common, you don’t necessarily have equal shares. You may think this is appropriate if you have made unequal contributions towards the purchase price and want this to be reflected on the sale of the property.

Owning a property under a tenancy in common also means that your shares are separate from each other, which means that if one of you dies before the other, the share of the person who has died doesn’t pass automatically to the other, but instead passes according to the wishes of the Will the deceased partner made or the law of intestacy, as appropriate.

You can find out more about the law of intestacy and making a will here.

If you intend to hold the property as tenants in common, you should discuss with your conveyancer whether you should enter into a trust deed. They can draft one for you. This is a binding agreement regarding your property, valid in England and Wales, which means that you can regulate what will happen to the property in the event that you separate (e.g. on what terms one of you can be bought out).

Cohabitation in Scotland

In Scotland, the concepts of ‘joint tenants’ and ‘tenants in common’ don’t apply, although the law is similar. A couple living together can hold a property in joint names by stating in the title deed (using a survivorship clause) that each of them will leave the property to the other if one of them dies.

As with a joint tenancy in England and Wales, if the title deed includes this clause and one of you dies, the deceased’s share will pass to the other under this ‘survivorship destination’ in the title deed and not according to the will the deceased partner made, or the law of intestacy.

The survivorship clause is, in effect, a contract between you and you cannot revoke it unless you both agree, although if you are married, the survivorship clause has no effect if your marriage ends in divorce or is annulled.

But you can do so if there is a clause in the title deed which allows one of you to do this without the other’s consent. So it’s important to discuss the matter with each other and make it quite clear to a solicitor what type of survivorship clause you want.

Alternatively, cohabitees can hold a property in joint names without a survivorship clause in the title deed (similar to ‘tenants in common’ in England and Wales). You don’t have to have equal shares and if one of you dies, the deceased’s share doesn’t automatically pass to the other as survivor, but passes according to the wishes of the deceased’s Will or the law of intestacy, if your partner hasn’t made a will.